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    • 专利摘要:
    System for generating electrical energy from wave energy, characterized in that it comprises, at least, 1 converter module composed at least of: 1 buoy or floating vessel (1) that floats on the wave. 1 chamber of buoyancy, and anchoring (2). 1 generation bar (3) that serves as axis and guide for its displacement to the previous buoy and that at the same time contains in its interior the elements of generation of the electric current. Anchor cables (4) or the seabed. All the above is designed so that the ascending and descending movement of the buoy activates, jointly upwards and downwards also, the oscillator of a linear type electric generator built inside the guide claw, and inducing with that movement an electric current in the stator of that generator, eliminating in this way any kind of intermediate mechanical transformation that would penalize the performance of the machine. In conjunction with this module or set of converter modules there is a set of cables, both power and control, which connect each device with the electrical and control room of the generation system. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
    公开号:ES2568697A1
    申请号:ES201400858
    申请日:2014-10-31
    公开日:2016-05-03
    发明作者:Fabián Herreros Hidalgo
    申请人:Fabián Herreros Hidalgo；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    interest of researchers in order to meet the energy demands that the development of Humanity is increasingly requiring.
    There are several countries that, for more than 3O years, are trying to obtain significant progress in technology for converting this type of energy into electricity.
    In SPAIN, at present, various projects are being developed in our country, among which is SANTOÑA, which uses OPT technology (OCEAN POWER TECHNOLOG1 E), UNDIGEN, PIPO SYSTEM, and SENDEKIA, a driven turbine for a buoy.
    All the previous systems, except the UNDIGEN that uses a linear generator (but that it uses in its PERMANENT MAGNET Oscillator), have a common characteristic and this is that the wave energy is first transformed into mechanical energy that, by means of pistons, moves a fluid and this, subsequently, rotates the blades of a turbine, a turbine that applied to a gearbox,
    mul typing machine fromtheirrevolutions,moveherotorfroma
    generator rotarytraditionalgettingFinallythe
    electric power.
    He Systemobjectfromisinvention,to theusea
    Generator LinearYremovetheturbineYtheboxfrom
    Characteristic gears of all previous systems have a performance exceeding 21.5% and shortens and simplifies the entire transformation chain.
    Another characteristic common to all of them is that the captor element always remains on the surface and, therefore, subjected to the devastating effects of a GALERNA.
    or an EXPLOSIVE CYCLOGENESIS can cause.
    The devices used to take advantage of this type of marine energy should be designed according to the environmental characteristics of the area and its contingencies and not only the chemical aggressiveness of the environment, but must also temper other values such as the conditions of maximum amplitude of the wave, and also the live tides that occur in the area and that, if these conditions are exceeded, and can mean a dangerous situation, the device must be placed in a safe position, in which it can be free Of Damage.
    Another aspect that should be considered is that since the
    5 waves are not presented uniformly, but appear to form the so-called "wave trains" with different defining characteristics in terms of significant height (Hs) and Period (T), the device should be designed in a manner covering the
    10 largest possible spectrum of these waves and the power of the corresponding wave fronts. The diversity of the waves of a given environment is reflected in the table of occurrences indicated below, provided by the agency PUERTS OF STATE, according to the
    15 historical data collected during 2010 by the Buoy of LA CORUÑA.
    percentage of occurrences ITp-Hs table in "/ Tp-Hs ,,,, lpjse; ')
    you * ~~ e, 11in~ o"(.,H ': 1or,: ~ c¡ "
    ! ole " in)1. ~ H!.noj ....) ~ 1 ..)} '...... ~ .. I).l.H ,,: j.(tlS
    l, S L: tJ L.s. ~ uJ.,:. T4ll. ~~ i ~ 1i.sn ... •l. j '~ J'k: I ~ U.NI,.: J9l
    :one :.and.:! hJUH}]J.1.lV!1. (; 11 ~. 'l.ó,} ~l.! i) · J21: 1,, 21 ,, '
    ~ 'U 1 h. $ ~ '') 113-1.¡Ul.l.:'/'JUi, M, l
    Hs (m: 1 : ~'Wl ~ lL ', h'.oL ·: I. ~ "': j..a.2!;,. s
    1, S 4 ': J! l1)t.1l.i1.1-13! I, .i:!., I '
    4 110, ~ Ol. : l.1; '!: ll. ~ I ~ l
    4, S · ~ Ol.H ',
    S ! jOl.'JI: ~1.21i-.í
    ! .I! J 4'.'l.lf ~ '~l.:.H;"9
    101) .OUO
    DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
    The system described below has the purpose of harnessing the energy present in the waves (UNDIMOTRIC ENERGY) by transforming it into ELECTRICAL ENERGY, using a UNDIMOTRIC ENERGY CONVERTER MODULE.
    Essentially this Module is composed, at least, of: -BOYA (1). STABILITY CHAMBER (2) anchored to the seabed. - GENERATION BAR (3).
    And all these elements configured so that the Buoy, which moves vertically and alternately, creates a flow of mechanical energy that drags, with linear movement, an element, the OSCILLATOR (19) that incorporates ELECTROIMANES (20) whose magnetic fields , when moving inside the ESTATOR (21), they will be cut by a set of COILS (22) of conductive material on which it will induce an electric current, thus converting wave energy, first into mechanical energy and, this, later in electrical energy.
    Both the Oscillator (19) and the Stator (21) that are part of the LINEAR ELECTRICAL GENERATOR, are located inside the Generation Bar, held vertically, inside the water column, supported by the Stability Chamber .
    The physical characteristics of these components of the Module are the following:
    - The Buoy (1) is a watertight chamber (but that can be flooded and partially ballasted when a dangerous situation occurs and collapsed when the risk has passed), a self-supporting structure, which slides, up and down, with linear movement and alternatively, having the Stability Chamber and Generation Bar as its movement, both of which coincide.
    - The Stability Chamber (2) is, like the previous one, a waterproof, self-supporting chamber, crossed from top to bottom by the Generator Bar, floating in the middle of the water column, anchored by STEEL CABLES (4) to its
    corresponding "DEAD" (5) deposited in the seabed.
    - The Generating Bar (3) is a watertight and self-supporting structure, which is maintained, in an upright position, supported on the upper part of the Stability Chamber to which it is anchored by means of through elements
    (2.1).
    The three previous parts (Buoy, Generation Bar and Stability Chamber) in addition to their already
    indicated tightness,becharacterizewhyThey are
    independent betweenyes,istellnothere isinvasionfrom
    any fromtheyinheinsidetheothers.
    The functional characteristics of these components are as follows:
    - The Buoy (1) is the part of the Converter Module that captures the energy of the Wave and that with its upward and downward movements drags the Generator Oscillator. This component of the Converter Module, the Buoy, is characterized in that one of its 2 chambers (14) can be flooded and ballasted with seawater, when the galley or explosive cyclogenesis is present (which always, sooner or later, end up presenting) , so that it can be taken to an area where the onslaught of surface waves does not pose a danger to the integrity of the Captor Module. Once that meteor has passed, the Buoy will be deslastrada and restored to its working position.
    - The Stability Chamber (2) or support element (fixed but elastic) of the Generator Bar, anchored to the seabed by means of steel chains or cables (4) tied to "Dead concrete" (5). Its distance from the surface of the sea will be such that the movement of the maximum wave to the tura recorded in that area does not involve any effort at that level, and of course at such a depth of the sea surface that it allows the Buoy to make the all of its route before waves of the maximum amplitude of design and in the situation of Pleamar or Bajamar. Being this (the Stability Chamber) an element that will remain relatively more or less fixed throughout
    During the entire life of the Module, the Connection Box (8) of the export cable (6) of the energy generated will be fixed on it, as well as the Connection Box (9) of the signal cable (7) with destination or proceed tes of the Control room of the Power Plant.
    The Generator Bar (3) is a part of the Module designed and designed in such a way that suppressing the anchoring elements (2.1) that fixes it to the lower zone of the Stability Chamber and disconnected the power (11) and signal cables (12) of the Junction Boxes (8) and
    (9) indicated in the previous paragraph, can be extracted in its entirety and grounded for repair.
    The Generating Bar is introduced through the center of the Stability Chamber until its upper part, the POWER CHAMBER (17), rests on the upper cover of said Chamber, the clearance between the outer surface of the Generating Bar and the generatrix The interior hole of the Stability Chamber will be such that it will easily allow the extraction of the Generator Bar when necessary.
    It can be made up of 2 or 3 Cameras, depending on whether one with a "monoblock ck" configuration in which the Stator and the Oscillator are in the same chamber or are "encapsulated" in separate chambers.
    When the Generator Bar is formed by 2 independent and sealed Chambers, these will correspond to:
    1. GENERATION CAMERA (24), in which the Stator
    (21) and the Oscillator (19) share the same receptacle, a tight space, flooded with a liquid that is not aggressive for the components of these two elements, that serves to cool them and that hinders the entry of seawater. This flooded Chamber will have a pressure compensating system that allows to attenuate or eliminate the overpressures that may occur both as a result of the pressure exerted by the water column, as well as by the gases that, in the event of a short circuit,
    overheating, breakdown, etc. , could occur inside.
    2. CHAMBER OF CONTROL AND TREATMENT OF ENERGY (17), located at the top of the Generation Bar and forming a whole with it.
    When the Generator Bar is formed by 3 independent Chambers, these will correspond to:
    one. STATOR CHAMBER (16) in which this Generator component is encapsulated, immersed in a fluid similar to that indicated for the Compact Generator Bar indicated above.
    2. CHAMBER OF THE OSCILLATOR (15), where it is also encapsulated and flooded with fluid, as in the static encapsulation.
    3. CHAMBER OF CONTROL AND TREATMENT OF ENERGY (17), located at the top of the Generation Bar and forming a whole with the CHAMBER OF THE STATOR.
    In both cases, the Oscillator will move, up and down, guided by rails on which sliding skates or wheel bearings.
    In the Convert idor Module, a set of Systems that make the transformation of
    the Energycover pagebythewavesinEnergyelectric,without
    any fromthewhichbewould producehecollapsefromthe
    installation.
    These systems They arethe following:
    ELECTRICAL GENERATION SYSTEM.MULTIPLE STATORIC WINDING SYSTEM.POWER DETECTION SYSTEM FROM THE FRONT OFWAVE.CONTINUOUS CURRENT PRODUCTION SYSTEM ANDREGULATION OF THE SAME FOR YOUR INJECTION TOELECTROIMANS OF THE OSCILLATOR.
    SYSTEM FROMSELECTIONFROMTHEELECTROIMANSTHAT
    MUST BEENERGIZED,
    SYSTEM FROMCONVERSIONFROMTHESTREAMELECTRICAL
    GENERATED TO LASNEEDSFROMTHENET,
    SYSTEM FROMPROTECTIONOF THEMODULEAGAINST
    INVESTMENTS FROMSTREAM,
    SIGNAL COMMUNICATION SYSTEM BETWEEN MODULE ANDCENTRAL,AUTOMATED MODULE CONTROL SYSTEM,PRESSURE BALANCING SYSTEM IN THEENCAPSULATED,BOYA MOVEMENT TRANSMISSION SYSTEMTO THE OSCILLATOR,MODULE ACTIVE PROTECTION SYSTEMCONVERTER,BROADCASTING SYSTEM OF THE TRANSMISSION,CLEANING SYSTEM OF THE SURFACES OF THEENCAPSULATED,
    The characteristics of the systems present in the Converter Module are described below: Within the Generation Bar the following systems are located:
    ELECTRICAL GENERATION SYSTEM,
    The Generation System was made up of an ELECTRICAL, LINEAR GENERATOR, OF WINDING OSCILLATOR AND MULTIPLE STATOUS WINDINGS, located vertically inside the Generator Bar, formed by 2 (two) main parts: the OSCILLATOR (19), which moves linearly, upstream and downstream and the ESTATOR
    (twenty-one) ,
    The OSCILLATOR (19) is composed of a set of INDUCTION ELECTROIMANS (2 O) mounted on a metal structure (19,1) and arranged symmetrically with respect to 2 or more planes that pass through the e (25) of said Oscillator,
    The Stator of this Generator is constituted by a STATIC CORE (26) of rolled steel sheets that has grooves into which the COILS (22) of the armature are inserted, arranged symmetrically with respect to 2 or more planes that pass for example (25) of said Static Core. All windings (A, B and C where applicable) will have the same number of coils and these will be of the same step, although they will differ in the conductor section and number of turns. The output voltage of each of these windings, which will not work simultaneously, will be the same, but the choice of one or the other will depend on the characteristics of the wave that is currently acting on the Buoy.
    As long as the OSCILLATOR and the ESTATOR that are part of the ELECTRICAL GENERATOR, they are forming a tubular structure of circular or polygonal section, axilsymmetric with respect to 2 or more planes and of a length such that the Oscillator can make the maximum totality of its route following Ex e (25) of the Stator and do so within the space delimited by the Stator.
    The coils (22) of the different windings are grouped in a three-phase system (similar to the windings of the three-phase rotary generators
    traditional) and willingfromshapethat cancutthe
    lines fromthefieldsmagneticcreatedbythe
    Electromagnets of theOscillator.
    In this way, when the Buoy (1) moves, following the curve of the wave, the Oscillator (19) moves along the Stator axis and the Induction Electromagnets (20) create magnetic circuits that when closed through of the Coils (22) of the selected winding, they originate in them an electric current whose sense is maintained until the Oscillator ends its journey in that direction, moment that coincides with the moment in which the Buoy ends its own. When the Buoy starts the change, so does the Oscillator and the electric current changes direction.
    MULTIPLE STATORIC WINDING SYSTEM.
    In order to cover as much as possible the different rationally exploitable energy spectra of the
    waves in a certain area, based on the so-called
    , 'TABLES OF OCCURRENCES', or tables that collect the percentage of waves of certain periods (T) and
    Significant height (Hs) over one or several years are arranged in each statistic core of 2 or more totally independent windings, each of which will be sized to cover a certain range of powers.
    SYSTEM FROMDETECTIONFROMTHEPOWEROF THE
    FRONT FROMTHEWAVE.
    Dadaist existencefromthecalled"TRAINSFROMWAVES"Y
    the needfromkeepconstant thetensionfromexitfrom
    the machine,fitting thepowergeneratedto thethat
    present at that particular moment the wave that is acting on the Buoy, a series of sensors that detect the maximum amplitude reached by a wave as well as the speed of ascent and descent of the Buoy are available in the Generation Bar, and depending on from these values and by means of the algorithm designed for this purpose, the winding that is going to treat that wave is selected thanks to a static switch and, simultaneously, the intensity of the induction current that must be passed through the electromagnets of the Oscillator to produce the proper magnetic flux and maintain the generator output voltage within the parameters set.
    SYSTEM OF PRODUCTION OF CONTINUOUS CURRENT AND REGULATION OF THE SAME FOR ITS INJECTION TO THE ELECTROIMANES OF THE OSCILLATOR.
    Like any electric generator, which must keep certain parameters constant (voltage, in our case) it is necessary to control the intensity of the electromagnetic fields produced in the electromagnets, which is why an auxiliary direct current generation system and its element are available of regulation that
    It will be governed by an aumata ta with trolling by the algorithm
    designed for that purpose.
    SYSTEM OF SELECTION OF THE ELECTROIMANS THAT
    5 MUST BE ENERGIZED.
    Given that due to functional needs, the Oscillator is
    of a length greater than the Stator, there is a
    system that determines which electromagnets are found
    within the static core and are those electromagnets, and
    10 Only those who are going to be energized.
    CURRENT CONVERSION SYSTEM
    ELECTRICAL GENERATED TO THE NEEDS OF THE
    NET.
    fifteen The current produced in the Electric Generator will be
    treated in each Convert Idor Module, for which, in the
    CHAMBER OF CONTROL AND TREATMENT OF ENERGY (17) se
    will have a RECTIFIER-ONDULATOR ASSEMBLY formed by
    diodes, bridge rectifiers, Ni-Cd batteries,
    2 o inverters and transformers, which will adapt the current
    electric created in the stator coils at
    desired voltage and frequency conditions.
    Each Captor Module will deal within its Bar
    Generation of the energy produced and will be adapted to the
    25 characteristics demanded by the network; the disagreement with
    any of the parameters of the network, will cause the cut
    of the power supply to the Electromagnets of the
    Oscillator with what the Generator with you will move his
    Buoy, but this movement will no longer produce energy
    30 electric
    MODULE PROTECTION SYSTEM AGAINST
    CURRENT INVESTMENTS.
    The Generation Bar will carry a device (relay
    35 reverse power, function 32 according to the assigned designation
    by the International Electrotechnical Commission) which will detect
    if at any time by the power cable that exports the
    energy generated to the substation circulates current in
    in the opposite direction and proceed, as in the previous case, to the power supply cut to the Electromagnets.
    SIGNAL COMMUNICATION SYSTEM BETWEEN
    MODULE AND CENTRAL.
    In the Generation Bar, in the ENERGY CONTROL AND TREATMENT CHAMBER (17), the communications modem containing the input and output modules of signals coming from or directed to the Power Plant will be located.
    AUTOMATED MODULE CONTROL SYSTEM. The entire Module will be governed by a computer located in the CHAMBER OF CONTROL AND TREATMENT OF ENERGY
    (17).
    This computer, which will contain the control algorithm of the Convertidcr Module, will be part of a Distributed Control System, whose SCADA (Control and Data Acquisition System) will be located in the Electrical Building of the Substation.
    PRESSURE BALANCING SYSTEM IN THE
    ENCAPSULATED.
    To avoid imbalances between the pressure of the column of seawater and that of the liquid that floods the compartments of the Chambers of the Generation Bar, either in its "monoblock" version (Oscillator and Stator in the same Chamber) as in its alternative encapsulated in separate chambers, a balanced pressure system has been set up, consisting of a set of communicating vessels and an expansion tank.
    Externally to the Generation Bar the rest of the Captor Module Systems are the following:
    TRANSMISSION SYSTEM OF THE MOVEMENT OF THE BOYA INSIDE THE GENERATION BAR.
    The transmission of energy between the Buoy and the Oscillator is carried out by means of an element (10), cable or steel bar, but in any case it transmits its movement always in a linear fashion.
    This transmission element can be of 2 types:"A" TYPE TRANSMISSION SYSTEMThe union between the Buoy (1) and the Oscillator (19) is
    made by 2 steel bars, articulated with CARDAN gaskets, which joins them and makes the Buoy to the Oscillator.
    In this way when the Buoy rises the Oscillator will also do so driven by the Buoy's ascending force and vice versa, when the Buoy begins its downward movement, the Oscillator will descend, pushed by the Buoy's weight and the weight of the Buoy itself. Oscillator.
    TRANSMISSION SYSTEM TYPE "B" The connection between the Buoy (1) and the Oscillator (19) is carried out by CABLE or STEEL CHAIN.
    With this system, the Buoy will force the Oscillator to follow its movements so to the point of ascent as descent, as in the previous case, with the difference of
    that nowtheforcefromdeclineof theOsci ladorwill depend
    only Yexclusivelyfromtheforcesgravitationalthat
    about him act
    SYSTEM OF ACTIVE PROTECTION OF THE CONVERTER MODULE.
    The Waveform Converter Module described will be equipped with an active PROTECTION SYSTEM against the extraordinary conditions of a raging sea. The procedure consists, given the sealing characteristics of the Buoy, in flooding its CHAMBER 14 with seawater (after cutting the supply current to the Electromagnets) by opening the FLOOD VALVE (41) AND the FLOOD VALVE AIR OUTPUT (40) from which it is provided, then sinking until the set is brought to a depth where waves cease to constitute a danger to the integrity of the Converter Module. When the dangerous conditions have disappeared, air will be injected into the flood part by opening the AIR FILL VALVE (42), displacing, through the FLOOD VALVE (41), the water that flooded it and kept it submerged floating inside the water column so that they reach their working disposition again.
    A PRESSURE (43) controls the filling of the Chamber, which is protected from any overpressure by a SAFETY VALVE (44).
    BOYAOSCILADOR TRANSMISSION BROKENING SYSTEM. In anticipation of the appearance of extraordinary efforts that may break the Module, the transmission element
    (10) between the Buoy and the Oscillator will incorporate an element
    (10.1) whose breaking load will be lower than that of the steel cable, chain or bar, which links both elements, so that if necessary it can break at that point.
    SYSTEM CLEANING THE SURFACES OF THE ENCAPSULATES.
    Although the surfaces of the components that will be in contact with the marine environment will be treated with germicidal products that prevent the proliferation of organisms, a cleaning system has been provided that prevents the appearance of colonies of these beings in those points likely to cause damage to the equipment or decrease in performance.
    This System will consist of scrapers, elements that are fixed to the Stator structure that sweep the surface of the Oscillator.
    BRIEF DESCRIPTIONFROMTHEDRAWINGS
    Figure one.SampleaschemefromaModule
    Converter, wherebethey canwatchtheirthree(3)Cameras
    perfectly differentiated:Buoy(one),Camerafrom
    Stability (2)YBarfromGeneration(3).
    Figure 2.- Shows a Converter Module, with its Buoy (1), Stability Chamber (2), Generation Bar (3), the connecting element between Buoy and Generator (10), the rupture element (10.1), the Mooring Cables (4) to the Dead (5) located at the bottom of the sea, the Energy Export Cable (6), its Connection Box (8), the Signal Input and Output Cable (7), its Connection Box (9), the Connection Cable (11) between the Generation Bar and the Power Cable Connection Box (8) and the Connection Cable (12) between the aforementioned Bar and the Box (9 ) located in the Stability Chamber.
    Figure 3. - It shows the fixed elements of a Converter Module, with the Generation Bar removed for repair and / or maintenance and the Stability Chamber (2) sectioned, floating in the middle of the water column and showing the central hole by the one that the Generation Bar is introduced.
    This figure also shows the Power export cable (6) and its waterproof connection box (8), the signal input and output cable (7) and its waterproof connection box (9) and the fastening and anchoring elements (2.1) from the Generator Bar to the Stability Chamber.
    Figure 4.-Shows a section of the Buoy, with its dry zone (13) and the flood zone (14). Figure 5.-Represents a section of the Generation Bar (3), in its "monoblock" version. In this figure you can see the ENERGY CONTROL AND TREATMENT CHAMBER (17) AND THE GENERATION CHAMBER
    (24) which houses the Oscillator (19) and the Stator (21) and the addressing rings of the transmission element (18).
    Figure 6.It representsasectionfromtheBarfrom
    Generation (3),initsversionfromOscillatorand stator
    "encapsulated" .
    In this figure you can see the CHAMBER OF CONTROL AND TREATMENT OF ENERGY (17), the CAMERA OF ENCAPSULATE OF THE STATOR (16), the CAMERA OF ENCAPSULATE OF THE OSCILLATOR
    (15) And the addressing rings of the transmission element (18).
    Figures 7.-A section of the STAMPING HOUSING CHAMBER (16) is represented, the ENCHAINING HOUSING CAMERA
    OSCILLATOR (fifteen),heAxis(25)commonfrombothcamerasYthe
    CAMERA FROMCONTROLYTREATMENTFROMTHEENERGY(17)fromthe
    electric current generated.
    In the STATOR (21) you can see the STATIC CORE
    (26) and the COILS (22) of the armature; in the OSCILLATOR (19) you can see STRUCTURE (19.1) and the INDUCTION ELECTROIMANS (2 O).
    Figure 8.-This figure shows a section of the STATIC CORE (26) with the COILS (22) belonging to 2 different windings (A and B), placed in their corresponding grooves.
    Figure 9. -Show a section of the waterproof CAMERA
    (16) that encapsulates the ESTATOR (21), with its static Core (26) and its Coils (22), the CHAMBER OF CONTROL AND TREATMENT OF ENERGY (17) And the Addressing Rings of the transmission element (18).
    Figure 10.-Shows a section of the waterproof CAMERA
    (15) that houses the Oscillator (19), with its Induction Electromagnets (20), its STRUCTURE (19.1) and a waterproof Chamber (15.1) where the automaton of the Electroimanes Selection System will be arranged.
    Figure 11.- Shows the cross section A-A 'of the Generation Bar, in which the Oscillator Encapsulation Chamber (15) and the Stator Encapsulation Chamber (16) can be seen.
    In this section you can see the Static Core
    (26) And the Stator coils (22), as well as the Oscillator Electromagnets (20), the Stator Polyester Fiber Sheet (31) and the Oscillator Polyester Sheet (30).
    Figure 12.- Shows a diagram of the principle of the ACTIVE PROTECTION SYSTEM OF THE CONVERTER MODULE of the Buoy in which, schematically, the Flood Valve (41), Air Fill Valve (42) and its Pressure Switch ( 43), Air Outlet Valve (40) and the
    Safety Valve (44) to protect the Chamber from overpressure, Figure 13, - A Buoy located in the safety position is represented, with the Flood Chamber full,
    DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
    The Undimotor Energy Converter Module described can be used, as one of the favorite applications of this invention, in an Electricity Generation Buoy PARK, a UNDIMOTRICAL TYPE POWER STATION formed by a set of regularly distributed Converter Modules so that the One's buoy does not interfere with or serve as a barrier to the wave and will be connected to a lifting Substation located in the
    proximities fromthe Modules,
    Dice thattheseModules,byitssizethey canto be
    relatively comingsometoothers,bemayachievea
    high powerinaspaceverylowertothethat
    occupy current systems,
    Further, Market Stallthatitslengthis
    relatively short, they offer the possibility of placing them, practically, on the coast line and the Control Electric Hall can even be located on the mainland,
    The Converter Module, as shown in Figures 1 and 2, is formed by 3 watertight and independent parts, these being: - Buoy (1) floating on the surface of the sea,
    following the wave - Stability Chamber (2), also crossed by the
    Generation Bar, and that is anchored to the bottom
    marine using steel cable (4), -Barra de Generación (3), which crosses the Chamber of
    Stability and support, The anchoring height of the Stability Chamber at the sea floor will be such that it allows the Buoy to make its entire journey before waves of the maximum design amplitude and both in Pleamar or Bajamar situation ,
    The Buoy, the driving element of the Module, moves its movement inside the Generation Bar, using Steel Cable (10), which minimizes the shear stresses that may occur at the point of attachment with the Oscillator (19).
    The Generation Bar (3) is a watertight and self-supporting structure, which is maintained, in an upright position, resting on the upper part of the Stability Chamber and to which it is fixed by means of anchoring elements
    (2.1) Yitsfunctionishecontaininitsinsidethe
    systems thattransformtheEnergywavemakerin
    electricity.
    In heModuleConverteris it soincorporatedthe
    following systems:
    SYSTEM FROMELECTRICITY GENERATION.
    SYSTEM FROMWindingSTATORICSMULTIPLE.
    POWER DETECTION SYSTEM FROM THE FRONT OFWAVE.CONTINUOUS CURRENT PRODUCTION SYSTEM ANDREGULATION OF THE SAME FOR YOUR INJECTION TOELECTROIMANS OF THE OSCILLATOR.SYSTEM OF SELECTION OF THE ELECTROIMANS THATMUST BE ENERGIZED.CONVERSION SYSTEM OF THE ELECTRICAL CURRENTGENERATED TO THE NEEDS OF THE NETWORK.MODULE PROTECTION SYSTEM AGAINSTCURRENT INVESTMENTS.SIGNAL COMMUNICATION SYSTEM BETWEEN MODULE ANDCENTRAL.AUTOMATED MODULE CONTROL SYSTEM.PRESSURE BALANCING SYSTEM IN THEENCAPSULATED.BOYA MOVEMENT TRANSMISSION SYSTEMTO THE OSCILLATOR.MODULE ACTIVE PROTECTION SYSTEMCONVERTER.RUPTURE SYSTEM OF THE TRANSMISSION.
    SYSTEM CLEANING THE SURFACES OF THE ENCAPSULATES.
    Within the Generation Bar are the following Systems:
    ELECTRICAL GENERATION SYSTEM. The GENERATION SYSTEM consists of a LINEAR TYPE ELECTRIC GENERATOR, located in an upright position
    inside fromtheBarfromGeneration,formedby2(two)
    parts Main:heOSCILLATOR(19),thatbemovefrom
    shape linearYthe ESTATOR(twenty-one).
    - HeOscillatoriscompoundbyasetfrom
    called electromagnets ELECTROIMANSFROMINDUCTION
    (twenty-one) mounted on a metal structure. This Oscillator is located inside a Chamber
    (fifteen) waterproof, filled with an innocuous fluid, both for the components of this part of the equipment as for the surrounding marine environment.
    - The Stator (21) of this Generator is constituted by a STATIC CORE (26) of rolled steel sheets that has grooves into which the COILS (22) of the armature windings are inserted. This Stator is located inside a Chamber (16) is tanca, filled with an innocuous fluid, so for the components of this part of the equipment as for the surrounding marine environment. When the Buoy moves, following the wave curve, the Oscillator (19) moves along the axis (25) of the Stator and the Induction Electromagnets (20) create magnetic fields and circuits that cross the Coils (22) they originate an electric current whose sense is maintained until the Oscillator ends its journey in that direction, a moment that coincides with the moment in which the Buoy ends its own. When the Buoy starts the change, it does
    also the Oscillator and the electric current changes direction.
    MULTIPLE STATORIC WINDING SYSTEM.
    In order to cover as much as possible the different energy rations, rationally exploitable, of the waves in a given area, based on the so-called
    , 'TABLES OF OCCURRENCES', or tables that show the percentage of waves of certain periods (T) and the significant ture (Hs) over one or several years are arranged in each statistic core of 2 or more windings totally independent, each of which will be sized to cover a certain range of powers.
    SYSTEM FROMDETECTIONFROMTHEPOWEROF THE
    FRONT FROMTHEWAVE.
    Dadaist theexistence ofthecalled"TRAINSFROMWAVES"Y
    the needfromkeepconstant thetensionfromexitfrom
    the machine,fitting thepowergeneratedto thethat
    present at that determined moment the wave that is acting on the Buoy, a series of positioning sensors that detect the maximum amplitude that a wave reaches as well as another series of sensors that determine the ascent rate are available in the Generation Bar and descent of the Buoy, and depending on these values and by means of the algorithm designed for 1 effect, the winding that will be treated by that wave is selected, thanks to a static switch and, simultaneously, the intensity of
    the induction current that must be passed through the electromagnets of the Oscillator so that they produce the proper magnetic flux and keep the generator output voltage within the set parameters.
    SYSTEM OF PRODUCTION OF CONTINUOUS CURRENT AND REGULATION OF THE SAME FOR ITS INJECTION TO THE ELECTROIMANES OF THE OSCILLATOR.
    Like any electric generator, which must keep certain parameters constant (voltage, in
    in our case) it is necessary to control the intensity of the electromagnetic fields produced in the electromagnets, which is why an auxiliary direct current generation system is available and the regulation system that will be governed by an automaton controlled by the algorithm designed for this purpose .
    SYSTEM OF SELECTION OF ELECTROIMANS THAT MUST BE ENERGIZED.
    Given that, due to functional needs, the Oscillator is longer than the Stator, there is a system that determines which Electromagnets are within the static core and those electromagnets, and only those that will be energized.
    CONVERSION SYSTEM OF THE ELECTRICAL CURRENT GENERATED TO THE NEEDS OF THE NETWORK.
    The current produced in the Electric Generator will be treated in each Converter Module, for which, in the ENERGY CONTROL AND TREATMENT CHAMBER (17) there will be a RECTIFIER-ONDULATOR ASSEMBLY formed by diodes, rectifier bridges, Ni-Cd batteries , inverters and transformers, which will adapt the electric current created in the stator coils to the desired voltage and frequency conditions.
    Each Captor Module will treat within its Generation Bar the energy produced and will adapt to the characteristics demanded by the network; the mismatch with any of the parameters of the network, will cause the power supply to be cut to the Electromagnets of the
    Oscillator with whatheGeneratorto be continuemovingits
    Buoy, butEastmovimI feelalreadynowill produceEnergy
    electric
    PROTECTION SYSTEM OF THE MODULE AGAINST CURRENT INVESTMENTS.
    The Generation Bar will carry a device (reverse power relay, function 32 according to the name assigned by the International Electrotechnical Commission) that will detect
    yes insomemomentbyhecablefrompowerthatexportthe
    Energy generatedtotheSubstationcirculatesstreamin
    sense reverseYwill proceed,horninhecaseprevious,to the
    cut fromsupply ofstreamtoThe Electromagnets.
    SIGNAL COMMUNICATION SYSTEM BETWEEN MODULE AND CENTRAL.
    In the Generation Bar, in the CHAMBER OF CONTROL AND TREATMENT OF ENERGY (17), the communications modem that will contain the input modules and
    output of signals from or directed to the Power Plant.
    AUTOMATED MODULE CONTROL SYSTEM.
    The entire Module will be governed by a computer located in the ENERGY CONTROL AND TREATMENT CHAMBER (17), a waterproof camera located at the top of the Generation Bar.
    This computer, which will contain the control algorithm of the Captor Module, will be part of a Distributed Control System, whose SCADA (Control and Data Acquisition System) will be located in the Electrical Building of the Substation.
    PRESSURE BALANCING SYSTEM IN THE ENCAPSULATES.
    To avoid imbalances between the pressure of the seawater column and that of the liquid that floods the
    compartments of the Chambers of the Generation Bar, a balanced pressure system has been set up, consisting of a set of communicating vessels and an expansion tank
    Externally to the Generation Bar the rest of the Captor Module Systems are the following:
    SYSTEM FROMTRANSMISSIONOF THEMOVEMENTFROMTHE
    BUOY TO THEINSIDEFROMTHEBARFROMGENERATION.
    The transmissionfromEnergybetweentheBuoy(one)Yhe
    Oscillator (19) is made using CABLE or STEEL CHAIN.
    With this system, the Buoy will force the Oscillator to follow its movements both in the direction of ascent and descent.
    SYSTEM OF ACTIVE PROTECTION OF THE CONVERTER MODULE.
    The Waveform Converter Module described will be equipped with an active PROTECTION SYSTEM against the extraordinary conditions of a raging sea. The procedure consists, given the sealing characteristics of the Buoy, in flooding its CHAMBER 14 with seawater (after cutting the supply current to the Electromagnets) by opening the FLOOD VALVE (41) AND the FLOOD VALVE AIR OUTPUT (40) from which it is provided, then sinking until the assembly is brought to a depth where the waves cease to constitute a danger to the integrity of the Converter Module. When the dangerous conditions have disappeared, air will be injected into the flood part by opening the AIR FILL VALVE (42), displacing, through the FLOOD VALVE (41), the water that flooded it and kept it submerged floating inside the water column so that they reach their working disposition again.
    A PRESSURE (43) controls the air filling of the Chamber, which is protected from any overpressure by a SAFETY VALVE (43).
    BOYAOSCILADOR TRANSMISSION BROKENING SYSTEM. In anticipation of the appearance of extraordinary efforts that may break the Module, the transmission element
    (10) between the Buoy and the Oscillator will incorporate an element
    (10.1) whose breaking load will be lower than that of the steel cable, chain or bar, which links both elements, so that if necessary it can break at that point.
    5 SYSTEM CLEANING THE SURFACES OF THE ENCAPSULATES.
    Although the surfaces of the components that will be in contact with the marine environment will be treated with germicidal products that prevent the proliferation of
    10 organisms, there has been a cleaning system that prevents the appearance of colonies of these beings at those points that can cause damage to the equipment or decrease in performance.
    This System will consist of scrapers, 15 elements that are fixed to the Stator structure that sweep the surface of the Oscillator.
    权利要求:
    Claims (17)
    [1]
    1.-ELECTRICAL ENERGY GENERATION SYSTEM FROM UNDIMOTRIC ENERGY characterized by comprising, at least, a CONVERTER MODULE composed of at least 3 sealed and independent chambers, being these:
    - BOYA (1) floating on the surface of the sea,
    following the wave
    STABILITY CHAMBER (2), crossed by the Bar
    of Generation, and that is anchored to the sea bottom
    by steel cable (4). -BARRA GENERACIÓN (3), contains inside
    LINEAR TYPE ELECTRICAL GENERATOR. The BOYA (1), elemen to motr iz of the Module, moves its movement inside the Generation Bar, either by means of an articulated steel bar with Cardan type joints, or by means of a Steel Cable.
    The STABILITY CHAMBER (2) is, like the previous one, a watertight, self-supporting chamber, and that crossed from top to bottom by the Generator Bar, is floating in the middle of the water column, anchored by STEEL CABLES (4) to its corresponding 'DEAD', (5) deposited in the seabed.
    The GENERATION BAR (3) is a watertight and self-supporting structure, completely removable, which is maintained, in an upright position, resting on the top of the Stability Chamber, to which it is anchored by removable elements (2.1). Inside this Bar are a set of Systems that make possible the transformation of the potential and kinetic energy present in the wave, into electrical energy.
    The CONVERTER MODULE is characterized in that it contains a set of Systems that make
    possible thet rans trainingfromtheEnergycover pagebythe
    waves inEnergyelectric,withoutanyfromthewhichbe
    would produce the collapsefromtheinstallation.
    These SystemsThey arethe following:
    ELECTRICAL GENERATION SYSTEM.MULTIPLE STATORIC WINDING SYSTEM.POWER DETECTION SYSTEM FROM THE FRONT OFWAVE.CONTINUOUS CURRENT PRODUCTION SYSTEM ANDREGULATION OF THE SAME FOR YOUR INJECTION TOELECTROIMANS OF THE OSCILLATOR.SYSTEM OF SELECTION OF THE ELECTROIMANS THATMUST BE ENERGIZED.CONVERSION SYSTEM OF THE ELECTRICAL CURRENTGENERATED TO THE NEEDS OF THE NETWORK.MODULE PROTECTION SYSTEM AGAINSTCURRENT INVESTMENTS.SIGNAL COMMUNICATION SYSTEM BETWEEN MODULE ANDCENTRAL.AUTOMATED MODULE CONTROL SYSTEM.PRESSURE BALANCING SYSTEM IN THEENCAPSULATED.BOYA MOVEMENT TRANSMISSION SYSTEMTO THE OSCILLATOR.MODULE ACTIVE PROTECTION SYSTEMCONVERTER.RUPTURE SYSTEM OF THE TRANSMISSION.CLEANING SYSTEM OF THE SURFACES OF THEENCAPSULATED.
    [2]
    2. -System according to Claim 1 characterized by being composed of a plurality of Converter Modules arranged in a square or orthogonal plan geometry.
    [3]
    3.-Electric power generation system from wave energy according to Claim 1 characterized in that the Generation Bar (3) is held in a vertical position supported by the Stability Chamber (2).
    [4]
    4.-Electric power generation system from wave energy according to Claim 1 characterized by using, within the Generation Bar, an Electric Power Generation System and consisting of a Linear Type Electric Generator that
    u ti1 iza Electromagnets fromInduction(2 O)Ydoubleor triple
    winding static
    [5]
    5. SystemfromgenerationfromEnergyelectricto
    starting from wave energy according to Claims 1 and 4, characterized in that the Stator of the Linear Electric Generator is composed of: a STATIC CORE
    (26) of rolled steel sheets that have grooves within which the COILS (22) that constitute the different windings of the armature are inserted.
    [6]
    6.-Electric power generation system from wave energy according to Claims 1 and 4 characterized in that the Oscillator (19) of the Linear Electric Generator is composed of a set of INDUCTION ELECTROIMANS (2 O) mounted on a structure tubular.
    [7]
    7.-Electric power generation system from wave energy according to claims 1 and 4 characterized in that the Stator of the Electric Generator houses a set of double or triple windings, independent of each other, and whose selection and entry into operation will be in function of the characteristics of the wave (significant height "Hs" and Period "T").
    [8]
    8.-Electric power generation system from wave energy according to Claim 1 characterized in that, inside the Generation Bar, it has a Wave Front Power Detection System constituted by an oscillator positioning sensor and a speed sensor, whose data and, in real time, the point that determines the choice of the static winding to be induced and the intensity that should energize the Oscillator Electromagnets and the intensity of the magnetic field that they must create is obtained.
    [9]
    9.-Electric power generation system from wave energy according to Claims 1 and 8, characterized by having, within the Generation Bar, a Continuous Current Production System and regulation thereof for injection into the Electromagnets of the Oscillator.
    [10]
    10.-Electric power generation system from wave energy according to Claims 1, 4 and 6, characterized by having, within the Generation Bar, a System for the Selection of Electromagnets that must be energized, const i tuido by a set of oscillator positioning switches in relation to the Stator and that send their signal to the programmable automaton
    (PLC) located in the Chamber (15.1) of the Oscillator.
    [11]
    11.-Electric power generation system from wave energy according to Claim 1 characterized by having, within the Generation Bar, a Conversion System of the generated electric current, consisting of rectifiers, diodes, inverters and trans Formers, which will adapt the electric current created in the stator coils to the desired voltage and frequency conditions for transport to the ELECTRICAL AND CONTROL ROOM of the Undimotor Central Substation.
    [12]
    12.-Electric power generation system from wave energy according to Claim 1 characterized by having, within the Generation Bar, a Protection System with current investments that would occur in the event that the power of the Wave front would be less than the power the Generator tried to produce.
    To this end, a device (reverse power relay, function 32, according to the name assigned by the International Electrotechnical Commission) will be inserted in the module's electrical control circuit that will detect if at any time by the power cable that exports the generated energy The Substation circulates current in the opposite direction and will proceed to cut off power supply to the Electromagnets.
    [13]
    13.-Electric power generation system from wave energy according to Claim 1 characterized by having, inside the Bar
    Generation, a Communications System between Module
    Converter YRoomElectricit wasbyamodemfrom
    communications thatwill containthemodulesfromentryY
    exit fromsignalsanalogYdigitalcomingor
    directed tothe centralElectric.
    [14]
    14. SystemfromgenerationfromEnergyelectricto
    split fromtheEnergywavemakeraccordingClaimone
    characterized byprovide,inheinsidefromtheBarfrom
    Generation, a Control System that takes control of the Converter Module consisting of a computer that will contain the control algorithm of the Captor Module, and that will be part of a Distributed Control System, whose SCADA (Control and Acquisition System of Da tos) will be located in the Electrical Building of the Substation.
    [15]
    15.-Electric power generation system from wave energy according to Claim 1, characterized by having, within the Generation Bar, a pressure balancing system in the static and Oscillator packages, consisting of a set of communicating vessels and an expansion tank
    [16]
    16.-Electric power generation system from wave energy according to claim 1 characterized by the system for transmitting the movement of the buoy into the generation bar.
    The transmission of energy between the Buoy and the Oscillator is carried out by means of an element (10), cable or steel bar, but in any case it transmits its movement always in a linear fashion.
    This transmission element can be of 2 types:"A" TYPE TRANSMISSION SYSTEMThe union between the Buoy (1) and the Oscillator (19) is
    made by means of three steel bars, a SEMIRIGID AXIS, articulated with CARDAN gaskets, which joins them and makes the Buoy to the Oscillator.
    TRANSMISSION SYSTEM TYPE "B" The connection between the Buoy (1) and the Oscillator (19) is carried out by CABLE or STEEL CHAIN.
    [17]
    17.-Electric power generation system from wave energy according to Claim 1 characterized by the Active Protection System of the Converter Module consisting of a series of devices
    5 (compressed air, solenoid valves, valves, pressure switches, safety valves, etc.) that will allow flooding the part of the Buoy designed for this purpose and bring it to a safe position and that can evacuate the ballast water and bring it to its position of work, once the
    10 danger. 18.-Electric power generation system from wave energy according to claim 1 characterized by the system of rupture of the buoy-oscillator transmission in case of extreme risk to the Module
    15 for which the transmission element (10) between the Buoy and the Oscillator will incorporate an element (10.1) whose breaking load will be lower than that of the cable, chain or steel bar, which links both elements, so that if necessary I can break at that point.
    20. 19. System for generating electrical energy from wave energy according to Claim 1, characterized by the System for cleaning the surfaces of the encapsulates composed of scrapers acting on said surfaces.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    ES2568697B1|2016-12-22|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    ES2897126A1|2021-06-30|2022-02-28|Hidalgo Fabian Herreros|Electrical and mechanical power generation system from wave energy|
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